Explosives Manufacturing and Formulations

Bulk emulsions and emulsion blends may be formulated with a single salt, dual salts, or multiple salts. Blasting professionals familiar with single salt ammonium nitrate emulsion products may be less acquainted with dual and multiple salt emulsion products that may include calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and urea in their formulations.

This paper describes the assembly of a device equipped with pressure sensors and its utilization in confined boreholes of an open pit mining, aiming to obtain in situ monitoring of explosive columns. The results enabled a comparison between the bulk emulsion density variation when acting in different environments.

The study aims to optimize the density of holes per tunnel section. The energy distribution, the one with the highest density, is used in the center of the diagram and is distributed homogeneously towards the contours with the lowest energies up to the contours to produce a perimeter control.